Once one of the greatest, longest-lasting, and oldest ancient civilizations, Egypt now plays an important role in the modern Middle East. In Cairo, the capital, sleek office buildings tower over ancient alleys, bustling bazaars, and many mosques. Ancient monuments at Giza, Karnak, and the Valley of Kings are seen, and we are always reminded of the importance of the nearby Nile River. We also experience the Suez Canal, Sinai Peninsula, and Alexandria on the Mediterranean.